Yeast tests

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Oskaar said:
Just making the same mead with different yeasts and soliciting opinions by having people taste it isn't really testing to me in an empirical sense.
As a (former) scientist, varying exactly one thing at a time is empirical testing to me. I mean, we should be able to find a temperature at which all yeasts perform well. The OG question is difficult though, comparing a dry mead to a sweet isn't really valid. Clearly there is more than one way to do it.

I'm in either way. I'll probably still do my 5 different yeasts on an identical batch experiement, I'll just have to participate in your study via a different carboy. ;D
 
Works for me (former Microbiologist/Medical Technologist) I'm a control lot kind of guy so I like to see a set of control cultures from low to high with an expected growth pattern at a given level of usable nutrient!

Give me an innoculating loop and some mycological slants and I'm a happy guy! ;D

I think most of the yeasts will perform well in that mid-sixties to mid seventies range. This time of year will be good for me in California now that we're below 83 degrees F most of the time. I'll be able to keep the temperature consistant without having to run the A/C 24/7

Oskaar
 
Really? Both of my parents are med techs. I managed to stay out the the medical fields... :)

So how do we want to go about planning batches? Perhaps first we should come up with a list of yeasts and OG suggestions of each. Did you have in mind a dry, med, and sweet batch of each kind of yeast? Basically, did you want to exhaust the parameter space? Or just do as many different kinds as we can and call it good?
 
It seems to me that if you try a dry, medium, and sweet mead with each type of yeast, you would need a lot of people to be involved. I think it would be better to start with a medium mead, with a specific OG. That way the tasting wouldn't be swayed if people favored a specific type (dry or sweet), and we would lock down another variable (OG) at the beginning of the experiment. Mandating a specific recipe would be difficult due to the varying levels of fermentables in different honeys. Going by OG would give a better starting point.



To quote ScottS "I'm in either way"!!



DE
 
svaros said:
Going by OG would give a better starting point.
That's what I'm going to do in my study, but Oscaar and Jmattoli correctly point out that comparing say 71B and say K1V starting at the same OG are going to be very different, as one will likely end bone dry and the other will not. I think they want to compare at the same FG. Right guys?
 
Thanks Svaros and Scott,

So many great minds on a project should lend itself to some good results! I think it would be a good idea to start with a medium sweet show mead too.

I agree too that OG should be the determining factor since we're not going to be able to use the same honey. I do however think we should use the same ingredients past that.

Speaking of ingredients do we want to use powdered nutrient and energizer, or raisins and dates, or something else?

Which yeasts should we use, and should we all use the same yeasts? It could be a good test to use the same yeasts, with the same OG but each of us would use a different varietal honey to see how the yeasts influence the different honey? Just thinking out loud.

So our basic medium-sweet mead might look something like:

1 gallon or more of honey (pick a varietal)?
4 gallons water?
--------
2 tsp Nutrient?
2 tsp Energizer?
or Use .5 lb raisins and .5 lb dates in place of the energizer and nutrient (make sure we have the gravity right before we pitch in the chunky stuff)?
--------
10 g Yeast - rehydrated as per instructions of manufacturer?

Add honey until gravity is at say 1.125 or 1.130?

Split into 1 gallon glass fermenters and pitch yeasts as appropriate?

Do we want to use grape tannin up front to help promote clearing?

Do we want to monitor pH to keep it in optimal range for yeast performance?

Thoughts and ideas my fellow mead-mad-scientists?

Oskaar
 
Oskaar said:
1. I agree too that OG should be the determining factor since we're not going to be able to use the same honey.

2. I do however think we should use the same ingredients past that.

3. Speaking of ingredients do we want to use powdered nutrient and energizer, or raisins and dates, or something else?

4. Which yeasts should we use?

5. Should we all use the same yeasts?

6. Each of us would use a different varietal honey to see how the yeasts influence the different honey?

7. 2 tsp Nutrient?

8. 2 tsp Energizer?

9. Use .5 lb raisins and .5 lb dates in place of the energizer and nutrient (make sure we have the gravity right before we pitch in the chunky stuff)?

10. Add honey until gravity is at say 1.125 or 1.130?

11. Split into 1 gallon glass fermenters and pitch yeasts as appropriate?

12. Do we want to use grape tannin up front to help promote clearing?

13. Do we want to monitor pH to keep it in optimal range for yeast performance?
I don't believe we would find out as much if everyone ran the same batches (OG, honey, chemicals, temperatures, and so on) as we would if everyone made batches of their particular recipe as "optimized" for each type of yeast in the test. Do we all want to determine that yeast ABC is the best yeast for a show mead with recipe XYZ? What about melomels, pymeths, etc.?

My thoughts... not arguing, just discussing...

1. No, it is not important that every brewer do the same OG or FG as every other brewer. But the FG needs to be the same in order to eliminate FG as the differing factor instead of the yeast. I would say you set the OG to be at, 1% ABV, 2%ABV above the tolerance of the yeast and let them ferment to completion. I am assuming that a yeast like D-47 will not do as well in a high OG must as something like EC-1118 would. Therefore, part of the "optimizing process would be to give each type of yeast about the same amount of available sugar past their own specific tolerance.

2. Each batch for each yeast should have the same ingredients but the ingredients need not be the same between brewers. And there is no reason each brewer cannot do their own favorite recipe with each type of yeast where the recipe (particularly OG) is optimized as discussed above.

3. Each brewer should use his own method of starter and nutrient with amounts optimized for the yeast type. The only requirement is that the type of starter and nutrient be the same in all batches. I personally would run my tests without chemicals.

4. The yeasts would be the ones listed previously in the discussion. Or at least from a list we decided on beforehand. Everyone would make a batch using each of the yeasts in the list.

5. Yes, otherwise Oskaar makes a to-die-for melomel using D-47 and we have no idea how it would have tasted with 71B because he didn't make a batch using that yeast. The idea is to compare all of the yeasts in the list for the results they achieve given the same "optimized" recipe and the methods Oskaar uses to brew.

6. What honey each brewer uses is not important to me as long as he uses the same honey/fruit/etc. for every batch. The only things changing should be the yeast and the things that are "optimizers" for that yeast.

7. and 8. I have a concern that we will end up biasing the test results for the taste and chemical affects on the mead itself rather than the affects of the nutrients on the yeast. Hope that makes sense. Maybe to say it differently, I don't want to find out that the negative taste impacts of 2 tsp of nutrients for a heavy feeding yeast cause a bad taste that is not present in a batch where the yeast didn't require any/as much nutrients added. I would be tempted to use raisins and in amounts related to the nutrient requirements of the yeast. My own personal batches would have no chemical nutrients or starters.

9. See 7 and 8.

10. No, see #1. FG is the important thing in the comparison. Otherwise we will just be judging whether we prefer sweet or dry. If the sweetness of each batch is constant, then it will eliminate that as a variable. I suppose you could argue that the alcohol content of the final product could become a factor in the judging of a low alcohol or high alcohol yeast. But isn't it final taste we are really concerned with?

11. Yes, although batch size should be up to the brewer. I may make all 5 gallon or 3 gallon batches.

12. Up to the brewer. Only if he does it during his normal brewing process. The amount added should be identical for each batch.

13. No for the reasons stated in 7 and 8.

Now to add my own questions...

14. Length of ferment? To completion by yeast type?

15. Length of aging?

16. Racking and bottling criteria? Lees level? Time? "Optimized" to get fast fermenters off lees more quickly?

Great food for thought...
 
Maybe we should start with yeasts that have the same attenuation. There are a lot that are in a similar range. Lalvin usually posts the alcohol tolerance of their yeasts, and we can probably get the info for the other yeasts. From there we can expand into other yeasts with similar tolerances. It's going to take a while for all of these meads to finish fermenting, so we could start on the second round before the first is finished.

I'm starting to be of the same mind as Scott, in that it might be a good idea to have one person make a large batch and the rest of us taste and evaluate. The next round, someone else would make the mead and everyone else evaluate. That would make the variations in honey "terroir" less evident in a single round of tasting.

Sorry if this post is somewhat disjointed, I was interrupted by an impromptu meeting (damn work keeps getting in the way of my hobbies!).


David
 
Sounds to me like we should all make a ~5 gallon batch using a "neutral" honey and pitch a few different yeasts that have similar attenuation characteristics. The recipes beyond the honey should be standardized.

The next round would be yeasts with a different attenuation characteristic.

By neutral honey, I mean nothing really light or really dark.

That way we could taste a variety of meads made with the same yeasts but different honeys, while at the same time taste a variety of meads made with different honeys with the same yeast. Similar to a vertical and a horizontal wine tasting.



DE
 
Hmmm...

Someone has to be a complainer... ;D

Won't we have an awful lot of mead, where because of the same yeast being used, and relatively the same honey, will taste about the same. I am picturing 4 or 6 or 8 or 10 bottles (number of brewers) all label D-47 that all taste pretty much the same. Same number of bottles all labelled 71B. And so on...

Would we have any different result if we had a single individual make 4 or 6 or 8 or 10 times as much of his own and distribute it to everyone? What do we gain in this approach from having multiple brewers? ???
 
Pewter,

Thanks for the input. There are some good points in your post and I agree about each person brewing with their own honey choice which I described in a post above somewhere.

Anyhow, I think we should stay with something simple first to facilitate the process. I think we shoot for trying to get our batches done fairly closely together so we can taste them roughly together as well. I don't think that brewing a mel or something else in the first round will be helpful to that end.

I Agree with Svaros and Scott about a medium colored honey as well.

What other things are we missing?

Oskaar
 
Hey,

I just read your last post. Discussion is not complaining unless you are complaining for complaining's sake. Then I would have to register a complaint :o LOL

Anyhow, from my perspective honey varietals differ just as wine grapes do from area to area. There may be subtle differences in the end products, but there may be noticable differences as well due to the methods, chemicals (or lack thereof) that each meadmaker chooses to employ in the meadmaking process. Subtle differences in each end product are part of the fun to me. So I think that we should keep it simple to start with in order to move it along.

Having more people brew is a good thing in my book. The more that participate, the more sets of eyes we have on something because patterns tend to develop over time, and seeing trends is easier with several bottles of the same thing, than with one or two.

If a particular yeast is consistantly out of it's advertised specifications across several batches we know it's the yeast and not us. We also involve more people and promote brewing mead and exchanging it with our fellow brewers.

To me the benefit of having several people brew is that we gain the benefit of insight from the participants, gain experience in brewing for an audience, and we get to know each other in the process.

Besides, whoever thought that having several bottles of mead that taste roughtly the same is a bad thing? 8)

Cheers,

Oskaar
 
svaros said:
Sounds to me like we should all make a ~5 gallon batch using a "neutral" honey and pitch a few different yeasts that have similar attenuation characteristics. The recipes beyond the honey should be standardized.

The next round would be yeasts with a different attenuation characteristic.

By neutral honey, I mean nothing really light or really dark.

That way we could taste a variety of meads made with the same yeasts but different honeys, while at the same time taste a variety of meads made with different honeys with the same yeast. Similar to a vertical and a horizontal wine tasting.

DE
I like this approach a lot. What we gain from having multiple brewers is being able to pick out yeast characteristics that are independent of the honey used. That I think is very important. It's going to be a heck of a lot of mead shipping around the country, but I think I can live with that.

Can we come to a concensus on this procedure? Pewter seems to be the dissenter, can you be convinced?
 
Scott,

Can I be convinced? Of course... I am easy... And I'll drink mead without even this good of a reason...

But let me ask my question again from a slightly different angle.

Based on the proposed method, are we going to find out enough information to make the 9 month wait worthwhile?

Point being that we should let the mead age adequately, which to me is a MINIMUM of 8 months after fermentation is complete before we judge it. So in 9 months (plus some time for shipping, judging, compiling results), we have info about one set of yeasts with similar attenuation characteristics where the only real variant is some differences in the "medium" varietal honey chosen. Then the next year or so is dedicated to a different set of similar attenuation yeasts without necessarily even gaining a comparison between the two groups of yeasts.

Call me impatient (or practical ;D), but I think we can achieve a lot more in the same amount of time with the same number of batches.

Just my thoughts but I'll go along with whatever people decide...
 
I'm with Scott and Svaros on this one pewter :)

No reason we can't start another batch on a different style right away. Like maybe a low alcohol batch that will be ready a lot sooner.

So I'm in league with Scott, Svaros and I hope you too Pewter.

Another quick question.

Should we send a bottle from our batches to Vicky as a neutral judge, kind of like a "thanks" for the place to work our fiendish mischief and all her hard work on this site?

Oskaar
 
Pewter - yep it is going to take awhile. But I suppose if people are willing to make the investment, we can always start up a second concurrent experiment.

I agree with sending bottles to Vicki, even without her active participation. ;D

Perhaps it's time to get a head count of participants, suggestions for yeasts, and discussion of ingredients/procedures.
 
My initial thought was to start the batches 3 to 6 months apart. That way the delay would be nine months only for the first batch. After that, we would be tasting every 3 to 6 months.

Since we would have so much additional mead from the first batch, we could do a second testing of the first batch between tastings of the new batches, and be tasting every 3 months if we start our batches 6 months apart.


... or am I getting ahead of myself?


David
 
Hey ladies and gents,

I am in regardless of the decision...

And for Pete's sake, this is a discussion, not an argument! There isn't only one right answer and everything else is wrong. :) I accept your right to not be quite as right as I am... ;D Seriously though, I don't have to be convinced... I'm in regardless! I am brainstorming this to help us make it the most efficient that we can, not arguing...

Now on to logistics...

Ok, simple calculation...

((Number of tasters plus 1[Vicki]) times (number of tastings) times (sample size, 375 mL?) ) plus excess for racking waste each rack = size of batch required by each brewer for a single yeast. Take that times the number of different yeasts in the test...

If we have a lot of help, which I am not against...
Or a lot of tastings (every three months for four times), which I am not against...
We are going to have 5+ gallon batches, not 1 gallon batches...
Any comments?

I'm in... who else?